The decline in GSH synthesis associated with aging combined with an increase in body burden of chemicals over a lifespan contribute to age-related hypomethylation
Most patients find this painless and very well tolerated
GHK-Cu in research models has been reported to engage: MMP / TIMP expression in extracellular matrix studies Nrf2-mediated antioxidant gene expression TGF-beta signaling in fibroblast cultures Copper-dependent enzymes (such as lysyl oxidase) Broad gene expression changes observed via Connectivity Map analysis (Campbell et al., 2012) KPV in research models has been reported to engage: NF-kB transcription factor activation and nuclear translocation Pro-inflammatory cytokine output (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta) Mast cell mediator release Intestinal epithelial inflammation markers via PepT1-mediated uptake (Dalmasso et al., 2008) The two pathway lists rarely intersect in the peer-reviewed literature
When we are young, this process is robust, but aging, chronic disease, poor circulation, and repetitive injuries can create an environment that impairs the bodys ability to heal
Unfortunately, stress, pollution, poor diet, and aging all contribute to depleted glutathione levels