Individuals considering use should weigh the strong preclinical cognitive enhancement evidence against the complete absence of controlled human safety data and the theoretical oncogenic concerns
To ensure transparency and address the completeness of the data presentation, representative full-membrane images have been included in the Supplementary File accompanying this paper
Yes, there were human studies with BPC-157 showing no known adverse effects and safety, however since those two initial trials it appears almost all the data has been in animal models, with a few, small studies here and there for human use
Linker instability in this setting can lead to inappropriate or premature release of the cytotoxic payload and, in consequence, considerable toxicity
It helps protect us from oxidative stress, toxins and viruses which could otherwise harm us