8, 9 Enteric short-chain fatty-acids, such as propionic acid (PPA), 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 which are fermentation by-products of ASD-associated enteric bacteria (that is, Clostridia, Desulfovibrio, Sutterella and Bacteroidetes ), have been suggested as a possible environmental triggers in ASD
Clinical studies have shown that it has several antiaging and cardio- and neuro-protective properties, and can also alleviate osteoarticular, urologic, and menopause-related discomfort.60 The extract has also been found to have a photoprotective, modulating effect on skin pigmentation.61 Several RCTs evaluating the use of French maritime pine bark extract have shown a significant reduction in signs of facial aging, such as wrinkles and solar lentigines,62,63 and increased levels of hyaluronan synthase and type I collagen.64 Another RCT (n=76) showed increased skin elasticity and hydration and decreased skin darkening in Asians working in highly polluted areas after treatment for 12 weeks.65 No relevant adverse effects were reported
Cell Death Dis 11:88 Doll S, Proneth B, Tyurina YY, Panzilius E, Kobayashi S, Ingold I et al (2017) ACSL4 dictates ferroptosis sensitivity by shaping cellular lipid composition
About this article Cite this article Mai, Z., Wang, B., Hu, Q
Still, thats not to say that C ratings are completely garbage
