PubMed abstract and review article: Novo Nordisk
Naturally found in plasma, urine, CSF, and milk, DSIP plays a likely physiological role in humans and animals
In mammals, biotin is a coenzyme of four major carboxylases (pyruvate carboxylase, propionyl coenzyme A carboxylase, 3-methylcrotonyl coenzyme A carboxylase, and acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase)
Neurological & Mental Health Support Emerging animal research has indicated potential neuroprotective and mood-modulating effects of BPC-157, sparking interest among patients recovering from traumatic brain injuries, depression, or anxiety though this remains highly speculative at the clinical level
Some protocols recommend even lower starting doses around 0.05 mg (50 mcg) for particularly sensitive individuals, though most users find 0.1 mg an appropriate beginning point