The DAPA-CKD trial15 primary outcome was a composite of sustained decline in the eGFR of at least 50%, the onset of end-stage kidney disease, or death from either renal or CV causes
In addition to lowering blood sugar, semaglutide has been shown to reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular events in people with diabetes
Additionally, the proportion of exposure variance explained by instrumental variables was evaluated using R 2 , computed as R 2 = 2 EAF (1 EAF) 2 , where EAF denotes the effect allele frequency of the exposure
Furthermore, both treatments have weight loss-independent benefits on certain aspects of the metabolic syndrome, such as glycemia [46]
After 1 year, more than 25% of those taking metformin lost at least 5% of their initial body weight, compared to only 13% of those taking placebo