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The workings of B12 can be divided into five key areas: Synthesis of DNA the vitamin influences cell division and blood formation Energy metabolism B12 is vital for energy production in the mitochondria Lipid metabolism vitamin B12 is important for the building and maintenance of the cell membrane and myelin sheaths, a protector of the nerves in the central nervous system and brain Synthesis of hormones and neurotransmitters the vitamin is needed to produce crucial neurotransmitters and therefore influences mood, psyche and perceptions Detoxification homocysteine and cyanide are neutralised by B12, as well as radicals such as nitric oxide and peroxynitrite
DOIs link to the original publications
parkeri division and intracellular survival were unclear, as GSH can detoxify ROS, modify proteins post-translationally, and serve as a cysteine/sulfur nutrient source
Investigators have examined the molecule in animal-model and in-vitro work covering tissue repair, gastric mucosal protection, angiogenic signalling, and anti-inflammatory cascades
A heavily cited randomized comparative trial by Vermeulen et al
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