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It plays a crucial role in cellular events such as inflammatory responses, altered cell growth, and apoptosis ( Figure 1 ) ( Figure 1 The role of alterations in the antioxidant system in the pathogenesis of vitiligo has been extensively studied ( CAT gene and reduced catalase activity have also been associated with several metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and peroxisomal/peroxisomal diseases ( On the other hand, the chronic OS will produce an excessive accumulation of ROS, which in turn induces the production of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and the release of melanosomal antigens that activate innate immunity ( + T cells are activated through HSP70i activation and antigen presentation by mature dendritic cells ( + T cells are recruited to induce melanocyte apoptosis ( + T cells ( These findings suggest that oxidative stress plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo
Refer Table 1 for a summarized tabulation of the dual role of LC in human health
Key aspects of a visual examination include: Assessing the color intensity and distribution of the pigmentation Noting any changes in the texture of the lip skin Checking for any other oral or facial abnormalities Dermatological Tests Doctors might also do tests to learn more about your lip color
Int J Mol Sci 22:5228 Shtossel O, Koren O, Shai I, Rinott E, Louzoun Y (2024) Gut microbiome-metabolome interactions predict host condition
Ethics statement The studies involving humans were approved by Ethics Committee of Beijing Anzhen Hospital of the Capital University of Medical Sciences
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