Inadequate protein during rapid weight loss causes muscle loss, which lowers basal metabolic rate, which slows weight loss despite the higher medication dose
68,69 In addition to activating the cAMP/PKA pathway, activation of GLP-1R has been associated with other intracellular mechanisms such as the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway, which plays a crucial role in regulating key functions like cell survival, mitochondrial activity, and autophagy, or the breakdown and recycling of damaged cellular components
Smaller peptides used in skincare, like GHK-Cu, are applied topically, but topical absorption of larger injected peptides is unreliable
The Summary of Product Characteristics also highlights the inclusion of benzyl alcohol as a preservative in the KwikPen formulation
If thats you, the most important question may not be, Do GLP-1s help MS? but rather: What should I know so I can use this medication safely and thoughtfully while living with MS? This article is meant to support informed decision-making and help you feel confident talking with your healthcare team about whats right for you