Melatonin deficiency is typically the result of: Smoking (nicotine use) Excessive alcohol consumption Excessive caffeine consumption Shiftwork (evening or nighttime work shifts) Frequent time zone changes (i.e., jet lag) Unless one meets one or more of the above qualifiers, it is highly unlikely that they are melatonin deficient
A new method has been developed to extract silymarin rather than the conventional extraction techniques like solvent extraction, supercritical-CO2, and ultrasound-aided extraction (Korany et al., 2019)
Side note: it would be great if pharmacies listed this publicly in real-time as Im sure patients, providers, and healthcare companies calling and asking for supply is not the best use of the phone line (albeit sometimes necessary)
Maeda T, Hirayama M, Kobayashi D, Miyazawa K, Tamai I
& Juan, S