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For a full breakdown of how AOD 9604 works, check out our companion article

While this application requires further clinical investigation, some studies have shown the peptide stimulating cartilage cell proliferation and demonstrating potential benefits for osteoarthritis treatment

Research has confirmed no significant effects on serum IGF-1 levels, no negative effect on carbohydrate metabolism, and no immunogenicity with no anti-AOD-9604 antibodies detected in any participants

This is also why you might notice that diets and exercises that worked for you in the past do not work as well or at all later in life

Peptides like this one are fragile molecules, and an injectable, subcutaneous form is generally the most predictable way to deliver a known, stable amount into the body