The liver produces ceruloplasmin and excretes excess copper through bile
In further sections, the antibacterial potential of NDBs will be discussed to understand biopolymer interaction with bacterial cells, inhibition/bactericidal mechanism, and application specifics, to compare all these aspects with currently used conventional antibiotics, and to address the question posed in the title of this review

Maintain mitochondria, the cells energy producer (ATP) and protector against damage from oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species and inflammatory proteins like cytokines.16 Acts as a cofactor for liver enzymes that metabolize and excrete xenobiotics, including drugs and heavy metals.17 Eliminates toxic substances like reactive oxygen species (ROS), free radicals, peroxides, and heavy metals.17 18 Maintain adequate levels of exogenous antioxidants vitamins C and E20,21,22 Supports DNA, protein, and cellular repair, aids immune and nerve function, transports amino acids, and promotes cell health and longevity.23 Regulates glutamate and GABA levels in the brain
Jez), an American Society of Plant Biologists Pioneer Hi-Bred Graduate Research Fellowship (Ashley Galant), and an NSF Research Opportunity Award Supplement (Mary L
Its antioxidant properties help neutralize free radicals generated by UV exposure, thereby reducing oxidative damage to the skin