Deficiency leads to reduced glutathione synthesis, increasing oxidative stress and homocysteine levels

L-carnitine is the predominant carnitine used in biological and medical fields and is commonly referred to as carnitine. The human body contains about 300 mg/kg of L-carnitine, 98% of which is intracellular, with 80% present in the muscles, 510% in the gastrointestinal tract, and 3% in the liver ( Endogenous Synthesis and Exogenous Sources In the average adult diet, it is estimated that about 75% of the daily carnitine requirement mainly comes from meat, fish, and dairy products (Figure 1) (Figure 1) ( Figure 1 The distribution and homeostasis of carnitine within the body is controlled by organic cationic transporters (OCTN) ( in vivo ( Biological Functions Transport of Long-Chain Fatty Acids Into the Mitochondrial Matrix The essential function of carnitine is to transport LCFAs from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix for subsequent degradation by -oxidation, known as carnitine shuttle ( The carnitine shuttle has three main steps

Gardenia is an evergreen flowering plant which belong to the Rubiaceae family, endemic to regions of Southeast Asia
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In vivo mitochondrial base editing via adeno-associated viral delivery to mouse post-mitotic tissue