Notably, embryonic cardiomyocytes lacking LONP1 exhibit accumulation of abnormal mitochondrial protein aggregates, which subsequently activate the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2)-transcription factor 4 (ATF4) signaling axis to trigger compensatory metabolic remodeling: ATF4 upregulates the expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) to enhance glycolytic energy production
Vandenberg RJ, Mitrovic AD, Johnston GA
It offers targeted respiratory support
This protective effect is achieved through the upregulation of FPN1 expression, which reduces intracellular iron content, attenuates ROS production, and inhibits apoptosis (evidenced by reduced caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation) (53)
When receiving IV drip therapy, on the other hand, it is guaranteed that 100% of these nutrients are being absorbed by the body