Oral GLP-1s for obesity saw a recent setback when in April (April 2025), Pfizer announced that it was discontinuing development of danuglipron, an oral GLP-1 receptor agonist, which was being investigated for chronic weight management, due to potential liver toxicity
The weight loss figures cited (11.8%) are from the REDEFINE 1 trial
Higher GBB levels were also associated with increased risk ofand poorer survival frommajor cardiovascular events (death, myocardial infarction, or stroke), but only when TMAO levels were also elevated.14 Continuing along the carnitine metabolism pathway to the liver, individual genetic variation may play a role in elevated TMAO levels by increasing conversion of TMA to TMAO by the enzyme flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3)
Seizures : Some people who have a history of seizures have reported an increase in the number and severity of seizures after taking L-carnitine by mouth or intravenously (by IV)
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