Tirzepatide works by activating two hormone pathwaysGLP-1 and GIPthat regulate hunger and blood sugar over a seven-day cycle
Beyond the liver, redox modulation may also contribute to metformins cardioprotective effects, particularly under conditions of mitochondrial or metabolic stress (Lewis et al., 2016)
Cardiovascular benefits are demonstrated over years of follow-up and represent cumulative risk reduction
Retrieved May 6, 2025, from National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements
Further, there is no indication of medical efficacy of these unregistered products with GLP-1 claims, in particular for weight-loss. The TGA urges consumer caution when purchasing medicines from unknown overseas websites, suggesting these products could be fake, contain incorrect or undisclosed and harmful ingredients, and may not meet the same standards of quality, safety and efficacy as those approved by the TGA for supply in Australia