faecalis supernatants were capable of disrupting the colonic epithelial monolayer and cleaving GLP-1 in a gelE-dependent manner ( A novel protein, P9, derived from Akkermansia muciniphila , has been shown to stimulate GLP-1 secretion and enhance glucose homeostasis in mice subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD) ( L
the patient and patients family should be instructed on how to recognize and manage the symptoms of hypoglycemia
Kolterman OG, Kim DD, Shen L et al
Importantly, the largest reductions in BMI were observed in the southern United States, which also reported the highest rates of GLP-1 RA dispensing claims (Rader et al., 2024), a geographic concordance that is consistent with a causal contribution of these pharmacotherapies to the observed population-level BMI decline
While preclinical models have yielded valuable insights into microglial heterogeneity, many markers defined in rodent systems [e.g., arginase 1 (Arg1) or rodent-specific chitinase-like protein (Ym1)] have limited expression or different regulation in human microglia