Mechanisms underlying drug-induced ototoxicity The possible mechanisms by which ototoxic agents can influence auditory function are nerve demyelination, apoptosis via caspase cascade, glutamate toxicity, ROS overload, DNA/RNA damage, inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis, inner ear hypo-perfusion and ion disturbance on the background of gene mutations, and increased permeability of triggered drugs (Fig
3.4.2 Chemical activation Chemical activation is a widely recognized single-step scheme for producing activated carbon using chemical agents at lower temperatures (400900 C) than those required for physical activation (Prahas et al
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rhamnosus Distinguished by its tolerance to extreme GI pH gradients, this species is also industrially significant for driving organoleptic changes in cheese maturation (73)
How to use sublingual B12 supplements If youre a first time sublingual B12 user (thats a mouthful), heres what you should know