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2014 Oct 1;62(39):9499-506

Summary Keywords astaxanthin, cellular pathways, learning, neurodegenerative aging, neuroprotection Citation Guo F and Chi J (2026) Astaxanthin as a neuroprotective modulator of synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory: mechanistic insights and therapeutic perspectives in neurodegenerative aging

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This paper will hopefully offer broad guidance for the clinician on use of glutathione for hyperpigmentation management, until outcomes of larger, longer duration trials become available