Clinical Evidence in Humans The topical evidence base is unusually robust for a research peptide: Facial aging study (71 women, 12 weeks): A GHK-Cu facial cream documented increased skin density and thickness, reduced laxity, improved clarity, and reduced fine lines and depth of wrinkles (PMID 26236730)
It has been found to reduce melanin production, leading to a brighter and more even skin tone
Hyperthyroidism: affects about 1% of the US population, with a higher prevalence in women (Doubleday and Sippel 2020)
For tumour xenograft experiments, athymic nude NU/J mice (The Jackson Laboratory, 002019) were used (female, at least 8 weeks old)
Thus, cancer cells in metabolic and phenotypic equilibrium can be disturbed by blocking cyst(e)ine/glutamate transporters