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Key Points Native human GLP-1 normalizes hyperglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the short in vivo half-life of this hormone limits its therapeutic application A number of synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonists, with half-lives between 23 h and several days, have been developed for the long-term treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus Short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as exenatide and lixisenatide) predominantly lower postprandial glucose levels and insulin concentrations via retardation of gastric emptying Long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (such as albiglutide, dulaglutide, exenatide long-acting release and liraglutide) predominantly lower blood glucose levels through stimulation of insulin secretion and reduction of glucagon levels Adverse effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists include nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea, injection-site reactions, antibody formation and increased heart rate This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options Subscribe to this journal Receive 12 print issues and online access $189.00 per year only $15.75 per issue Buy this article Purchase on SpringerLink Instant access to the full article PDF
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GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Excellent review in the NEJM
IL-10 suppresses the production of IFN-, TNF-, and IL-12 and also works to block actions of antigen-presenting cells ( The antimycobacterial effects of PZA and INH has been well established., but our lab wanted to specifically test the effects of these first-line antibiotics at 1/10 the minimum inhibitory concentration against M
Those with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is closely linked to insulin resistance, may also see improvements in hepatic steatosis with semaglutide therapy, although it is important to note that semaglutide is not currently licensed for NAFLD treatment in the UK
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