High-dose oral therapy (10002000 micrograms daily) can effectively treat deficiency even in those with impaired intrinsic factor-mediated absorption, relying on passive diffusion
It stimulates the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland, which can have various effects on the body, including increasing muscle mass, reducing fat mass, and improving recovery from injuries
However, the powder must be reconstituted (dissolved back into liquid form) before it can be used in research applications
Rudman D, Feller AG, Nagraj HS, et al
Problems with bodily absorption of the vitamin appear in 20% of people over 60 in the United States and United Kingdom according to research, and people with vegetarian or vegan diets are more likely to struggle with this condition